518
87 FEDElttAL REPORTER.
circuit court fnlly protect the appellant from all damages he may possibly incui' pending the litigation, and that no injunction pending the said litigation is necessary to prevent irreparable injury. The other questions raised by the assignments of error need not be passed upon at this time. The order of the circuit court appealed from is affirmed.
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GLOVER et aI.v. EQUITABLE MORTG. CO. OF KANSAS CITY et al. (Circuit Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit. No. 669. 1. CONTRACTS-WHAT LAW GOVERNS.
May 17, 1898.)
Complainants, husband and wife, consulted their attorney at Memphis, Tenn., about securing a loan on Mississippi real estate. He advised them to visit the office of a loan company at Viclisburg, Miss., with him, which the husband did.. A bargain was struck, and papers drawn, which were sent to Memphis for the wife's signature. The notes were payable in New York, and the money was sent from Vicksburg to Memphis to complainants. The attorney received a commission on loans from the company. Held, that the contract was a Mississippi contract, to. be construed by the laws of Mississippi. Provision In a deed of trust for the payment of sollcltor's fees on default In no way alfects the rate of Interest thereon.
2.
PSURy-SOI.ICITOR'S FEES ON MORTGAGES.
8.
SAME-PROVISION AGAINST TAXATION.
Provisions in a trust deed giVing the mortgagee the right to declare the principal due incase of t!lXtltlon by the state of the deed or debt Is not a ,means of evading the usury law.
Appeal from the Circuit Court of the United States for the Northern District ·of Mississippi. The facts are practically conceded to be as found by the trial judge, as follows: "This suit was originally brought iIi the chartcery court of De Soto county, , Mississippi, and removed Into this court on the petition of the defendants. The blll of complainants alleges that tb,e,contract was executed In the state of Tennessee, and usurioUIi!, and to be performed In New York; and, If a New York contract. usurious, and usurious if construed under the laws of 'the state of Mississippi. · · · The facts in this case are SUbstantially stated as follows: C. C. Glover and wife needed money, and applled to Caldwell & 00" of Memphis, Tennessee, for: It, or contemplated doing so. C. C. Glover ,went to the law omceof Mr. A. S. Buchanan, In the city of Memphis, Tennessee, to get him to prepare an abstract cif title, and desired to borrow as much as twenty thousand dollars on his and his wife's planrtation In De Soto county, Mississippi. Mr. Buchanan suggested to Mr. Glover that he would like to negotiate the loan through the Equlta)Jle Mortgage Company for him (Buchanan having no authllrlty,fo,r making any loan for said. company, or concluding any negotiation at any thnelnthe state of Tennessee, or iIi the state of New York, or In the state of MississippI. The extent of his authority was to solicit loans for the EqUitable Mortgage CompanY,for which the company paid him a cOmmission if they approved the loans); that.it would be to ,his (Buchanan's) interest. .C. C. Glover thereupon agreed to make application Equitable Mortgage Company at Vicksburg, through Mr. :6uchll)l,llll to Mississippi, and expressed himself as being in Ii hurry to get the money as soon as possible. : 'Mr. Buchanan asSUred .Glover thllit the Equitable Mortgage Company were very prompt iIi the transaction of business, and that it would greatly facilitate matte.rs if, instead, of correspondence with the company at VIcksburg, MississippI, he wot11d· accompany him to Vlcksbm;g, and there
V. EQUITABLE MORTG. CO.
519
have a personal conference with the officers or agents of the coml/any, at their office, and discuss with them all the business details, and all the questions arising about the title and the sufficiency of the security. Mr. Buchanan represented to Glover that the trip could be made to effect the purpose of practically closing the loan, and it was for this reason the trip was made to Vicksburg by Mr. Buchanan and Mr. Glover. They left Memphison Sunday, the 6th day of January, 1889, and arrived at Vicksburg, Mississippi, on the afternoon of the same day. On the following day, Monday, January 7, 1889, they went to the office of the Equitable Mortgage Company in the city of Vicksburg, and submitted to the representatives of said company an abstract of title to the lands situated in De Soto county, state. of Mississippi, belonging to Mr. and Mrs. Glover, together with certain affidavits to prove the abstract of titie. All of said papers were also submitted to Miller, Smith, and Hirsch, attorneys of said mortgage company. Glover then and there appointed Buchanan his agent, and an application for a loan of twenty thousand dollars· was then and there made to the Equitable Mortgage Company by Glover. The mortgage or deed of trust and the notes were all written and prepared then and there, and for the accommodation of Mrs. Glover, though dated and written at Vicksburg, in the state of MississippI, the deed of trust and notes were sent to in the state of Tennessee, and there signed and executed by the complainants to prevent Mrs. Glover from making a trip to Vicksburg, and not for the benefit of the Equitable Mortgage Company. Mrs. Glover knew of her husband's trip to Vicksburg with Mr. Buchanan, and that it was to borrow money. The Equitable :\fortgage Company had no office or place of business in the state of Tennessee, and did no business in that state, but had an office and place of business in the state of Mississippi, and did business in said state from 1887 until they failed, in September, or thereabouts, 1893. The notes, as before stated, were written and dated in Vicksburg, Miss., and made payable at the office of said EqUitable Mortgage Company in the city of New York, state of New York, and signed by Mr. and Mrs. Glover in the city of Memphis, Tennessee. When this was done, the mortgage was to be delivered to the clerk of the chancery court of De Soto county, at Hernando, then placed upon the records of said court, and delivered to said company at Vicksburg, and when this was done twenty thousand dollars was forwarded to the complainants from Vicksburg, Miss., to Memphis, in the state of Tennessee, and they received that amount,"
H. D. Minor and J. W. Buchanan, for appellants. J. Hirsh, Murray F. Smith, and T. M. Miller, for appellees. Before PARDEE and McCORMICK, Circuit Judges, SWAYNE, District Judge.
and
PARDEE, Circuit Judge, after stating the facts, delivered the opinion of the court. The circuit court found that the loan in question "was made in the city of Vicksburg, and therefore a Mississippi contract, and not intended as a mere cover for usury, and must be construed under the laws of Mississippi, and is, therefore, not usurious"; and thereupon entered a decree dismissing the complainants' bill. In this finding we concur. The loan company was located in Mississippi, and the property mortgaged was in the same state. The agreement to make the loan on the security offered-the meeting of minds-was in the state of Mississippi, and it is clear from the evidence that the parties intended that it should be a Mississippi contract. Mr. A. S. Buchanan was a mere solicitor, and, while paid by the loan company, ap' pears to have acted in the interest of and Jor both parties. He certainly was no such agent of the loan company as was authorized to agree to any of the terms of the contract. The fact that the note
520
87 FEDERAL REPORTER.
and deed of trust dated at Vicksburg, Miss., were executed in Mem· phis, Tenn., is. a circumstance fully explained by the evidence. The loan is not usurious unper the laws of Mississippi, because the rate of interest agreed upoDwas permitted by the laws of that state. The provision in the deed of trust as to the payment of solicitor's fees on 'default relates to, it contingency which in no way affects the rate of interest. Spain v. Hamilton's Adm'r, 1 Wall. 624, 626; Meacham v. Pinson, 60 Miss. 217, ·226. The provision with reference to the right of the loan company to declare the unpaid principal due in case of taxation by the state of the deed of trust or debt is also based on a contingency, and, as we construe the contract, it war· . ranted, in no event, any higher rate of interest than the 10 per cent. stipulated. See Spain v. Hamilton's Adm'r, supra; Dugan v. Lewis (Tex. Sup.) 14 S. W. 1024; Williams' Heirs v. Douglass (La.) 17 19 S. W. 442. The decree South. 805; Gillmour v.Ford (Tex. of the circuit court is affirmed.
RAND et 01. v. COLUMBIA NAT. BANK OF TACOMA, WASH., et aL (CirCUit Court, D. Minnesota. June 15. 1898.) BANK
Where one subscribes for part of an Increased issue of national bank stock, but actually receives orlgillal stock Instead, alld holds It for several years, receiving dividends and paying assessments thereon, he will be liable, upon failure of the bank, to assessment on such stock by the comptroller of the currency.
STOCK-OWNER'S LIABILITY.
This was a suit in equity by Alonzo T. Rand, Rufus R. Rand, and Kate A. Ogle against the Columbia National Bank of Tacoma, Wash., Philip Tillingha,st, James H. Eckels, as comptroller of the currency, to enjoin the prosecution of actions at law by said receiver to reCOV13ran assessment made by the comptroller on certain shares of the bank's stock. A. B. Jackson, for complainants. J. B. Atwater,f<lr 'defendants. LOCHREN, District Judge. The bill of complaint in this suit alleges the organization of the defendant the Columbia National Bank of Tacoma, Wash., under the national banking laws of the United States on September 2, 1891, with a banking capital of $200" 000, divided into 2,000 shares of $100 each; and that on the 24th day of October, 1895, the defendant James H. Eckels, comptroller of the currency, took possession of said bank and its books and as· sets, and later transferred the same to the defendant Philip Til· linghast, whom he appointed receiver of said bank; and that said Eckels, as such comptroller, on June 22, 1896, made an assessment and requisition upon the shareholders of said bank of $61 on each and every share of the capital stock of said bank. Also that said Tillinghast, as such receiver, has, by direction of said comptroller, begun an action at law in this court against everyone of said com·